DEVELOPING A DRONE ECONOMY: A METHODOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK

Abstract

The emergence of the drone economy represents a trans- formative element of modern digitalized national economies, integrating unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) into strategic industries such as energy, agriculture, logistics, infrastructure, and defense. This study proposes a comprehensive methodological framework for assessing the development of the drone economy, addressing its technological, economic, regulatory, industrial, and sustainable development dimensions. The research employs a systems approach, combining literature review, system-­ structural analysis, comparative assessment, statistical normalization, and expert judgment to construct an integral index of drone economy development (DEI). In addition, a sector-­ specific efficiency indicator is introduced to evaluate the impact of UAV implementation on productivity, cost reduction, safety, and environmental, social, and governance (ESG) outcomes. The proposed indicators enable a holistic assessment of UAV integration, capturing both direct and indirect effects, as well as structural and institutional constraints. The framework also facilitates cross-­ country and cross-­ sectoral comparisons and provides guidance for policymakers, industry stakeholders, and investors in identifying priority areas for fostering the drone economy. The findings highlight the importance of combining technological adoption with ESG principles to achieve sustainable, efficient, and socially responsible industrial transformation. By integrating drone technologies into strategic sectors, countries can enhance competitiveness, optimize resource utilization, and promote digital and green growth. The study contributes to the literature by offering a systematic tool for evaluating the multi-­ dimensional impact of UAV adoption and establishing a foundation for further research on the role of drones in economic development and sustainable industrial ecosystems.